Pga value

Whilst the work of The PGA remains guided by the original aims of the Association, pga value, it is an organisation that is committed to moving with the times.

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Pga value

Peak ground acceleration PGA is equal to the maximum ground acceleration that occurred during earthquake shaking at a location. PGA is equal to the amplitude of the largest absolute acceleration recorded on an accelerogram at a site during a particular earthquake. Therefore, PGA is often split into the horizontal and vertical components. Horizontal PGAs are generally larger than those in the vertical direction but this is not always true, especially close to large earthquakes. Unlike the Richter and moment magnitude scales, it is not a measure of the total energy magnitude, or size of an earthquake, but rather of how much the earth shakes at a given geographic point. The Mercalli intensity scale uses personal reports and observations to measure earthquake intensity but PGA is measured by instruments, such as accelerographs. It can be correlated to macroseismic intensities on the Mercalli scale [3] but these correlations are associated with large uncertainty. The peak horizontal acceleration PHA is the most commonly used type of ground acceleration in engineering applications. It is often used within earthquake engineering including seismic building codes and it is commonly plotted on seismic hazard maps. For moderate earthquakes, PGA is a reasonably good determinant of damage; in severe earthquakes, damage is more often correlated with peak ground velocity. Earthquake energy is dispersed in waves from the hypocentre , causing ground movement omnidirectionally but typically modelled horizontally in two directions and vertically. PGA records the acceleration rate of change of speed of these movements, while peak ground velocity is the greatest speed rate of movement reached by the ground, and peak displacement is the distance moved. These include the length of the fault, magnitude, the depth of the quake, the distance from the epicentre, the duration length of the shake cycle , and the geology of the ground subsurface. Shallow-focused earthquakes generate stronger shaking acceleration than intermediate and deep quakes, since the energy is released closer to the surface. The ground type can significantly influence ground acceleration, so PGA values can display extreme variability over distances of a few kilometers, particularly with moderate to large earthquakes.

Asia Pacific Journal. A three-component value can also be reached, by taking the vertical component into consideration also.

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JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Begin your trade-in by finding out how much your clubs are worth with the 2nd Swing Value Guide. Add your clubs and complete the check out process to receive your return instructions. Once all clubs are received and evaluated, You will get paid in either 2nd Swing Credit, Paypal or Check. At 2nd Swing, we offer the highest trade-in values for your used golf clubs, guaranteed. This creates a quick and easy way to not only open up space in your garage but also to save money on the purchase of your new clubs. Additionally, we also welcome customers who would like to trade-in rangefinders and Golf GPS units. See the 2nd Swing Value Guide to find out how much your clubs are worth.

Pga value

We are always searching for solutions that will improve the accessibility of our site. If, at any time, you have difficulty using or accessing any part of the PGA Value Guide website, please feel free to contact us. We will work with you to make all reasonable efforts to correct the issue and assist with immediate needs. Trade-In Research Pro-Login. These values are derived from what golf clubs are actually selling for in the world's largest marketplace for used golf clubs, eBay. In comparison to arbitrary manufacturer or retailer rate cards, the PGA Value Guide's "engine" is a complex, real-time statistical program that combines programming, statistical and golf club expertise. Considering eBay marketplace scale and statisitical sophistication of the PGA Value Guide engine, it is fair to say the golf club values it publishes are the current, accurate "fair-market values" for the huge database of golf clubs involved.

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Retrieved 11 November When entering iron sets, the first price listed is per club. A three-component value can also be reached, by taking the vertical component into consideration also. Alternatively, a combined value for a given station can be noted. During an earthquake, ground acceleration is measured in three directions: vertically V or UD, for up-down and two perpendicular horizontal directions H1 and H2 , often north—south NS and east—west EW. It is often used within earthquake engineering including seismic building codes and it is commonly plotted on seismic hazard maps. For moderate earthquakes, PGA is a reasonably good determinant of damage; in severe earthquakes, damage is more often correlated with peak ground velocity. Archived from the original PDF on 13 October Asia Pacific Journal. Earthquake energy is dispersed in waves from the hypocentre , causing ground movement omnidirectionally but typically modelled horizontally in two directions and vertically. Archived from the original on 4 March Archived from the original on 24 March ISBN Shallow-focused earthquakes generate stronger shaking acceleration than intermediate and deep quakes, since the energy is released closer to the surface.

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Whole Building Design Guide. Geologic Hazards Science Center. Whilst the work of The PGA remains guided by the original aims of the Association, it is an organisation that is committed to moving with the times. New Zealand Herald. We reserve the right to refuse to honor any incorrect prices. The e-card with your credit can be applied toward purchases made on-line or in store at any PGA Tour Superstore location. Read Edit View history. February Christchurch earthquake. Retrieved 22 March Trade-In Now.