Myenteric plexus

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The myenteric plexus or Auerbach's plexus provides motor innervation to both layers of the muscular layer of the gut, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input although present ganglion cell bodies belong to parasympathetic innervation, fibers from sympathetic innervation also reach the plexus , whereas the submucous plexus provides secretomotor innervation to the mucosa nearest the lumen of the gut. It arises from cells in the vagal trigone also known as the nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve vagus nerve , located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and controls GI tract motility. A part of the enteric nervous system , the myenteric plexus exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine.

Myenteric plexus

At the time the article was last revised Mostafa Elfeky had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose. The myenteric plexus also known as the Auerbach plexus plural: plexuses refers to a network of nerves between the layers of the muscular propria in the gastrointestinal system. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract. The plexus is part of the enteric nervous system ENS and is partly regulated by the vagus nerve cranial nerve X. Disorders of the myenteric plexus may lead to a number of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Classic examples include achalasia of the esophagus and Hirschsprung disease of the colon which are due at least partly to loss of ganglion cells of the myenteric plexus. Articles: Pseudoachalasia Eosinophilic myenteric ganglionitis Achalasia. Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys. Updating… Please wait. Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again. Thank you for updating your details. Recent Edits. Log In.

Log In. Disorders of peristaltic movement are common and can occur in different areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Segmentation contractions Migrating motor complex Borborygmus Defecation, myenteric plexus.

Auerbach plexus named after Leopold Auerbach , also known by the name of myenteric plexus, is a group of ganglia that run throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract and innervate its multiple layers of smooth muscle. This collection of nerves is sandwiched between two layers of the muscularis externa, the inner circular muscle layer, and the outer longitudinal muscle. Combined with another set of nerves, the submucosal Meissner plexus, they make up the enteric nervous system. The myenteric plexus is principally responsible for the peristaltic movement of the bowels. While it can act independently from the central nervous system, it receives innervation from the autonomic nervous system, connecting the central and enteric nervous systems. The dysfunction of this structure is the etiology underlying several disorders, including Hirschsprung disease, achalasia, and gastroparesis. The myenteric plexus is also the target of mu receptor opioids.

The myenteric plexus or Auerbach's plexus provides motor innervation to both layers of the muscular layer of the gut, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input although present ganglion cell bodies belong to parasympathetic innervation, fibers from sympathetic innervation also reach the plexus , whereas the submucous plexus provides secretomotor innervation to the mucosa nearest the lumen of the gut. It arises from cells in the vagal trigone also known as the nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve vagus nerve , located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and controls GI tract motility. A part of the enteric nervous system , the myenteric plexus exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine.

Myenteric plexus

At the time the article was last revised Mostafa Elfeky had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose. The myenteric plexus also known as the Auerbach plexus plural: plexuses refers to a network of nerves between the layers of the muscular propria in the gastrointestinal system. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract. The plexus is part of the enteric nervous system ENS and is partly regulated by the vagus nerve cranial nerve X. Disorders of the myenteric plexus may lead to a number of gastrointestinal motility disorders.

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Uniquely, the capillaries that supply the myenteric layer are non-fenestrated, which differs from the capillaries supplying the other layers of the intestine. Authority control databases Terminologia Anatomica. Last revised:. Review The guinea-pig oesophagus is a versatile in vitro preparation for pharmacological studies. Submucous plexus Myenteric plexus. Specific Meissner's plexus Auerbach's plexus. Download as PDF Printable version. Lower Genitourinary Trauma. Analytics cookies Accept Refuse. Dysfunction of enteric nervous system could lead to various disorders, such as Hirschprung disease, achalasia and gastroparesis. While it can act independently from the central nervous system, it receives innervation from the autonomic nervous system, connecting the central and enteric nervous systems. Check for errors and try again.

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Oncol Lett. One receptor that has been targeted for therapeutic reasons has been the 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT 4 receptor. Become a Gold Supporter and see no third-party ads. Updating… Please wait. Myenteric plexus Last revised by Mostafa Elfeky on 20 Sep Physiology of the gastrointestinal system. These properties include presence of glia, interneurons, a small extracellular space, dense synaptic neuropil, isolation from blood vessels, multiple synaptic mechanisms and multiple neurotransmitters. Gastrointestinal schwannomas mostly arise from the Auerbach plexus. Excerpt Auerbach plexus named after Leopold Auerbach , also known by the name of myenteric plexus, is a group of ganglia that run throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract and innervate its multiple layers of smooth muscle. Sympathetic paravertebral ganglia : Cervical ganglia Superior Middle Inferior Stellate ganglion prevertebral plexus : Cavernous plexus Internal carotid. Ahmed Y, Othman MO.