Conspiracy theory iceberg

This is a list of notable conspiracy theories. Many conspiracy theories relate to supposed clandestine government plans and elaborate murder plots. In principle, conspiracy theories might not always be false, and their validity depends on evidence as for any theory. However, they are often implausible prima facie conspiracy theory iceberg to their convoluted and all-encompassing nature.

The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation. When he became a writer of short stories, he retained this minimalistic style, focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing underlying themes. Hemingway believed the deeper meaning of a story should not be evident on the surface, but should shine through implicitly. Like many other writers, Hemingway worked as a journalist before becoming a novelist. After graduating from high school he went to work as a cub reporter for The Kansas City Star , [1] where he quickly learned that truth often lurks below the surface of a story. As foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star , while living in Paris in the early s, he covered the Greco-Turkish War in more than a dozen articles.

Conspiracy theory iceberg

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Conspiracy theories play a troubling role in political discourse. Online forums provide a valuable window into everyday conspiracy theorizing, and can give a clue to the motivations and interests of those who post in such forums. Yet this online activity can be difficult to quantify and study. We describe a unique approach to studying online conspiracy theorists which used non-negative matrix factorization to create a topic model of authors' contributions to the main conspiracy forum on Reddit. This subreddit provides a large corpus of comments which spans many years and numerous authors. We show that within the forum, there are multiple sub-populations distinguishable by their loadings on different topics in the model. Further, we argue, these differences are interpretable as differences in background beliefs and motivations. The diversity of the distinct subgroups places constraints on theories of what generates conspiracy theorizing. Neither simple irrationality nor common preoccupations can account for the observed diversity. Instead, we suggest, those who endorse conspiracies seem to be primarily brought together by epistemological concerns, and that these central concerns link an otherwise heterogenous group of individuals.

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An iceberg chart is a graphic used to break down elements of a certain topic in the same way we think of literal icebergs — a little visible on the surface, but a massive amount underneath. At the top are the best-known, simple topics. As the graphic goes deeper, so do the topics until they become less known and often darker. It took more than a year to complete, but what is perhaps more impressive is the way his channel has skyrocketed to popularity now that it is finished. In early videos, he celebrated a number of milestones — having his channel monetized, scoring a few hundred subscribers and so on. The channel exceeded the expectations he set for himself as a college student studying biology and hoping to dabble in YouTube on the side. In fact, over the course of the interview, Isaiah expressed gratitude and disbelief regarding his success half a dozen times. He has cemented himself as one of the most authoritative forces In a corner of the internet dominated by spooky voiceovers and dramatic visuals from channels like Nick Crowley and Nexpo. There, his upbeat demeanor and southern Appalachian accent stand out.

Conspiracy theory iceberg

The Conspiracy Theory Iceberg represents the vast landscape of conspiracy theories, each with varying depths of truth. Some theories may be grounded in legitimate evidence and alternative explanations, while others are built on speculation and misinformation. Conspiracy theories have a profound impact on society, shaping public perception and influencing political discourse. They often challenge established narratives, raise questions about hidden agendas, and question the actions of governments and institutions. The belief in conspiracies can lead to real-world consequences and create divisions among individuals and communities. In this article, we will explore the origins of conspiracy theories, the layers of secrecy surrounding hidden secrets, the belief in government cover-ups and the deep state, the influence of secret societies like the Illuminati, and the idea of truth hidden in plain sight.

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A climate change conspiracy theory typically alleges that the science behind climate change has been invented or distorted for ideological or financial reasons—higher taxation, controls on lifestyle, and more authoritarian government. Theories include the debunked assertion that HAARP , a radio-technology research program funded by the US government, is a secret weather-controlling system. Numerous psychological accounts purport to explain the attraction of conspiracy theories. Further information: Larries. London: Routledge. Archived from the original on 20 November Archived from the original on 19 July Energy, environment. Rothbard January Frontiers in Sociology. Main article: Conspiracy theories related to the Trump—Ukraine scandal.

You can help confirm this entry by contributing facts, media, and other evidence of notability and mutation. The Conspiracy Chart refers to an inverted pyramid graph of conspiracy theories mapped in accordance with how "grounded" they are in reality.

Compared to other topic modeling algorithms, NMF has a reputation for creating topics with more diverse quality Stevens et al. They're Targeting Freedom. Archived from the original on 12 January Retrieved 21 June Australia and New Zealand Health Policy. An alternative perspective maintains that conspiracy theorists are a psychologically heterogenous group. First, LDA has a number of hyperparameters which need to be tuned for a specific use. In these cases, the proof which is offered is not evidence about the specific incident or issue, but the general pattern; for example, the X conspiracy has been responsible for all of our other problems, so it is obvious that X must be responsible for this one as well Goertzel, , New York Magazine. Archived from the original on 7 July Archived from the original on 15 November Low-posting authors tend to give little information about their interests. Baker explains that Hemingway's stories about sports are often about the athletes themselves and that the sport is incidental to the story. Main article: John F.